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Page 152 →Page 153 →Further reading
Selected scholarly resources for the study of free Black Charlestonians and cultures of popular learning in the nineteenth-century United States
Free Blacks in Pre–Civil War Charleston
- Birnie, C. W. “Education of the Negro in Charleston, South Carolina, Prior to the Civil War.” Journal of Negro History 12, no. 1 (January 1927): 13–21.
- Browning, James B. “The Beginnings of Insurance Enterprise among Negroes.” Journal of Negro History 22, no. 4 (October 1937): 417–32.
- Curry, Leonard P. The Free Black in Urban America, 1800–1850: The Shadow of the Dream. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1981.
- Curry, Leonard P. “Free Blacks in the Urban South: 1800–1850.” Southern Quarterly 43, no. 2 (Winter 2006): 35–51.
- Drago, Edmund L. Charleston’s Avery Center: From Education and Civil Rights to Preserving the African American Experience. Rev. ed. Revised and edited by W. Marvin Dulaney. Charleston, SC: History Press, 2006.
- Fielder, Brigitte. Relative Races: Genealogies of Interracial Kinship in Nineteenth-Century America. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2020.
- Fitchett, E. Horace. “The Free Negro in Charleston, South Carolina.” PhD diss., University of Chicago, 1950.
- Foner, Eric. Freedom’s Lawmakers: A Directory of Black Officeholders during Reconstruction. Rev. ed. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1996.
- Gatewood, Willard B., Jr. “‘The Remarkable Misses Rollin’: Black Women in Reconstruction South Carolina.” South Carolina Historical Magazine 92, no. 3 (July 1991): 172–88.
- Greene, Harlan, and Jessica Lancia. “The Holloway Scrapbook: The Legacy of a Charleston Family.” South Carolina Historical Magazine 111, no. 1–2 (January–April 2010): 5–33.
- Greenidge, Kerri K. The Grimkés: The Legacy of Slavery in an American Family. New York: Norton/Liveright, 2022.
- Harris, Robert L., Jr. “Charleston’s Free Afro-American Elite: The Brown Fellowship Society and the Humane Brotherhood.” South Carolina Historical Magazine 82, no. 4 (October 1981): 289–310.
- Hine, Darlene Clark, and Earnestine Jenkins, eds.A Question of Manhood: A Reader in U.S. Black Men’s History and Masculinity. Vol. 1, “Manhood Rights”: The Page 154 →Construction of Black Male History and Manhood, 1750–1870. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1999.
- Hine, William C. “Black Politicians in Reconstruction Charleston, South Carolina:
- A Collective Study.” Journal of Southern History 49, no. 4 (November 1983): 555–84. Jenkins, Wilbert L. Seizing the New Day: African Americans in Post–Civil War
- Charleston. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1998.
- Johnson, Michael P., and James L. Roark. Black Masters: A Free Family of Color in the Old South. New York: Norton, 1984.
- Johnson, Michael P., and James L. Roark. “‘A Middle Ground’: Free Mulattoes and the Friendly Moralist Society of Antebellum Charleston.” Southern Studies 21, no. 3 (1982): 246–65.
- Johnson, Michael P., and James L. Roark, eds. No Chariot Let Down: Charleston’s Free People of Color on the Eve of the Civil War. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1984.
- Kinghan, Neil. A Brief Moment in the Sun: Francis Cardozo and Reconstruction in South Carolina. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 2023.
- Koger, Larry. Black Slaveowners: Free Black Slave Masters in South Carolina, 1790–1860. Jefferson, NC: McFarland, 1985.
- Krebsbach, Suzanne. “Black Catholics in Antebellum Charleston.” South Carolina Historical Magazine 108, no. 2 (April 2007): 143–59.
- Marks, John Garrison. Black Freedom in the Age of Slavery: Race, Status, and Identity
- in the Urban Americas. Columbia: University of South Carolina Press, 2020. Milteer, Warren Eugene, Jr. Beyond Slavery’s Shadow: Free People of Color in the South.
- Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2021.
- Myers, Amrita Chakrabarti.Forging Freedom: Black Women and the Pursuit of Liberty
- in Antebellum Charleston. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2011. Powers, Bernard E., Jr. Black Charlestonians: A Social History, 1822–1885. Fayetteville:
- University of Arkansas Press, 1994.
- Thomas, Rhondda Robinson, and Susanna Ashton, eds. The South Carolina Roots of African American Thought: A Reader. Columbia: University of South Carolina Press, 2014.
- Welch, Kimberly M. Black Litigants in the Antebellum American South. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2018.
- Wikramanayake, Marina. A World in Shadow: The Free Black in Antebellum South Carolina. Columbia: University of South Carolina Press, 1973.
- Williams, Heather Andrea. Self-Taught: African American Education in Slavery and Freedom. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2005.
US Cultures of Nineteenth-Century Popular Learning
- Augst, Thomas, and Kenneth Carpenter, eds. Institutions of Reading: The Social Life of Libraries in the United States. Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press, 2007.
- Brown, Richard D. Knowledge Is Power: The Diffusion of Information in Early America, 1700–1865. New York: Oxford University Press, 1989.
- Cobb, Jasmine Nichole. Picture Freedom: Remaking Black Visuality in the Early Nineteenth Century. New York: New York University Press, 2015.
- Page 155 →Favors, Jelani M. Shelter in a Time of Storm: How Black Colleges Fostered Generations of Leadership and Activism. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2019.
- Foster, Frances Smith. “A Narrative of the Interesting Origins and (Somewhat) Surprising Developments of African-American Print Culture.” American Literary History 17, no. 4 (Winter 2005): 714–40.
- Hairston, Eric Ashley. The Ebony Column: Classics, Civilization, and the African American Reclamation of the West. Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press, 2013.
- Harding, Thomas S. College Literary Societies: Their Contribution to Higher Education in the United States, 1815–1876. New York: Pageant, 1971.
- Kelley, Mary. Learning to Stand and Speak: Women, Education, and Public Life in America’s Republic. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2006.
- Kett, Joseph F. The Pursuit of Knowledge under Difficulties: From Self-Improvement to Adult Education in America, 1750–1990. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 1994.
- Lapsansky, Emma Jones. “‘Discipline to the Mind’: Philadelphia’s Banneker Institute, 1854–1872.” In A Question of Manhood: A Reader in U.S. Black Men’s History and Masculinity, edited by Darlene Clark Hine and Earnestine Jenkins, vol. 1, 399–414. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1999.
- Logan, Shirley Wilson.Liberating Language: Sites of Rhetorical Education in Nineteenth-Century Black America. Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press, 2008.
- Malamud, Margaret. African Americans and the Classics: Antiquity, Abolition and Activism. London: I. B. Tauris, 2016.
- McHenry, Elizabeth. Forgotten Readers: Recovering the Lost History of African American Literary Societies. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2002.
- McHenry, Elizabeth. “Rereading Literary Legacy: New Considerations of the 19th-Century African-American Reader and Writer.” Callaloo 22, no. 2 (Spring 1999): 477–82.
- O’Brien, Michael. Conjectures of Order: Intellectual Life and the American South. 2 vols. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2004.
- Porter, Dorothy B., ed. Early Negro Writing, 1760–1837. Boston: Beacon, 1971.
- Porter, Dorothy B. “The Organized Educational Activities of Negro Literary Societies, 1828–1846.” Journal of Negro Education 5, no. 4 (October 1936): 555–76.
- Potter, David. “The Literary Society.” In History of Speech Education in America: Background Studies, edited by Karl R. Wallace, 238–58. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts,1954.
- Ray, Angela G. The Lyceum and Public Culture in the Nineteenth-Century United States. East Lansing: Michigan State University Press, 2005.
- Ray, Angela G., and Paul Stob, eds. Thinking Together: Lecturing, Learning, and Difference in the Long Nineteenth Century. University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press, 2018.
- Woods, Carly S. Debating Women: Gender, Education, and Spaces for Argument, 1835–1945. East Lansing: Michigan State University Press, 2018.
- Wright, Tom F., ed. The Cosmopolitan Lyceum: Lecture Culture and the Globe in Nineteenth-Century America. Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press, 2013.
- Wright, Tom F. Lecturing the Atlantic: Speech, Print, and an Anglo-American Commons, 1830–1870. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2017.
- Page 156 →Zboray, Ronald J., and Mary Saracino Zboray. Everyday Ideas: Socioliterary Experience among Antebellum New Englanders. Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press, 2006.
- Zboray, Ronald J., and Mary Saracino Zboray, eds. US Popular Print Culture to 1860. Vol. 5 of The Oxford History of Popular Print Culture, edited by Gary Kelly. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2019.